In summer, the conception rate of sows is often significantly reduced, the number of litters is significantly reduced, and the number of stillborn babies is increased. The fertility rate is mostly around 70%, which seriously affects the economic benefits of raising pigs.
One reason analysis
1, nutritional reasons. (1) In summer, the temperature is high, the sow's heat dissipation is difficult, the feed intake is reduced, the intake of nutrients needed for sow breeding is insufficient, irregular estrus occurs and ovulation occurs, affecting breeding and conception, and stillbirth and weak births occur. (2) The stability of vitamins in feed during high temperature season is poor, especially fat-soluble vitamins A and E are more rapidly deactivated when the ambient temperature exceeds 30°C, while vitamins A and E are the most basic and most important vitamins for maintaining normal breeding activities. Lack or deficiency of vitamins in feed is the basic cause of low conception rate and abnormal embryo development. (3) Lack or deficiency of green feed can cause constipation in male and female pigs, affecting feed intake and normal reproductive activities.
2, the ambient temperature. The vigor of the boar semen is negatively correlated with the ambient temperature, and the higher the ambient temperature, the lower the vigor of the semen. In summer, the temperature of the pig house is mostly 38-40°C, and even higher. The boar's libido declines, the semen is thin, the number of dead spermatozoa is increased, and the vitality is obviously reduced, which is the most direct cause of the low conception rate of sows in summer.
3, lack of exercise. Insufficient exercise can cause sow weakness in the sow, which directly affects the conception rate; boar movement is too low and semen activity is reduced, which directly affects the conception rate.
4, the cause of the disease. The epidemic that causes the decline in the viability of male boar semen is mainly Japanese encephalitis in summer. The disease is mainly transmitted by mosquitoes and flies, and occurs frequently in summer. The boar mainly manifests as orchitis, sexual dysfunction, and reduced semen quality. Sows are The performance of breeding difficulties, miscarriage, stillbirth and so on. Therefore, Japanese encephalitis also directly affects the conception rate of sows.
5. Improper use of boars. In summer, the heat stress of boars is obvious. Some pig farms are mated during the day, causing more damage to the boars, which results in some boars not being used in the short term, thereby increasing the frequency of use of other boars. Boars are used too frequently. Semen quality will inevitably drop, and the conception rate will also be affected.
Two prevention methods
1, suitable to add green feed in summer. Each head breeder feeds 2-3 kilograms of green feed each day to supplement the deficiency of vitamins.
2, adjust the breeding pig diet. Raise the feed protein level of breeding stocks, control the feed protein of boars at 16%, control the feed protein of boars at 14.5%, and increase the supply of vitamins, especially fat-soluble vitamins A and E, in addition to the normal amount. One hundred kilograms of dietary supplements are best supplemented with 2-2.5 grams each of vitamins A and E.
3. Do a good job of cooling the sun. Breeding pigs should have ventilation cooling or spraying cooling equipment in the summer, adding 0.4%-0.6% baking soda in the feed can also play the role of sunstroke prevention.
4, rational use of breeding animals. The first is to control the frequency of breeding, breeding boars in the summer is not more than 5 times a week; second is to adjust the breeding time, the traditional summer early-late mating adjustment to late-night breeding (12 pm), the practice proved that late summer breeding in the same conditions Under the circumstances, the conception rate can be significantly increased by 10%.
5, do a good job in breeding animals. In addition to routine immunization of breeding stocks, Japanese encephalitis vaccine injection should be done every year. Using sodium selenite vitamin E injection once a month can improve boar semen viability and breeding ability.
6, to strengthen the breeding stock movement. Sooner or later, each type of boar will be chased and driven for about 1 hour each time. Control the sow's sensation and eliminate the breeder's breeder and old breeder in time.
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